Narration (Direct / Indirect Speech)

Narration:
Narration tells us how a speaker’s words are reported.

Direct Speech:
Speaker’s exact words are written inside quotes (" ")

Indirect Speech:
Speaker’s words are reported without quotes.

" " (quotes) दिखें → Direct Speech
No quotes → Indirect Speech

Narration change करते समय ध्यान दो:
1) Reporting Verb
2) Tense
3) Pronoun
4) Time / Place words
TRICK 1: QUOTE RULE 🔔
" " दिखे → Direct
" " हटे → Indirect

Example:
He said, "I am happy." (Direct)
He said that he was happy. (Indirect)
TRICK 2: SAID → THAT RULE
Statement में
said → said that

Example:
He said, "I am tired."
He said that he was tired.
TRICK 3: TENSE BACK RULE ⏪
अगर reporting verb Past में है
→ Tense एक step पीछे जाएगा

Present → Past
Past → Past Perfect
Will → Would

Example:
"I play." → played
"I played." → had played
"I will go." → would go
TRICK 4: PRONOUN SHIFT RULE 🧍‍♂️
I / We → Speaker के अनुसार
You → Listener के अनुसार

Example:
She said, "I am ready."
She said that she was ready.
TRICK 5: TIME CHANGE TABLE 🕒
Now → then
Today → that day
Yesterday → the previous day
Tomorrow → the next day

याद रखो:
“Time पीछे चला गया”