Vitamins and Minerals: Chemical Names, Sources and Deficiency Diseases
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15 mins
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Vitamins and Minerals: Chemical Names, Sources and Deficiency Diseases — Questions with Answers
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Q1.
What is the chemical name of Vitamin A and which disease is caused by its deficiency?
Retinol - Night blindness
Thiamine - Beriberi
Ascorbic acid - Scurvy
Calciferol - Rickets
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Answer: A. Retinol - Night blindness
Vitamin A's chemical name is Retinol. Its deficiency causes night blindness (nyctalopia) and in severe cases can lead to complete blindness.
Q2.
Which vitamin is known as Ascorbic acid and what are its main sources?
Vitamin B12 - Meat and fish
Vitamin C - Citrus fruits and green vegetables
Vitamin D - Sunlight and fish oil
Vitamin K - Green leafy vegetables
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Answer: B. Vitamin C - Citrus fruits and green vegetables
Vitamin C is chemically known as Ascorbic acid. Its main sources include citrus fruits like oranges, lemons, green vegetables, tomatoes, and fresh fruits.
Q3.
Deficiency of which vitamin causes Beriberi disease?
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)
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Answer: A. Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency causes Beriberi disease, which affects the nervous system and can cause weakness, fatigue, and heart problems.
Q4.
Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin when exposed to sunlight and prevents Rickets?
Vitamin A
Vitamin C
Vitamin D (Calciferol)
Vitamin E
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Answer: C. Vitamin D (Calciferol)
Vitamin D (Calciferol) is synthesized in the skin when exposed to UV rays from sunlight. Its deficiency causes Rickets in children and Osteomalacia in adults.
Q5.
What is the chemical name of Vitamin B12 and which disease is caused by its deficiency?
Thiamine - Beriberi
Cyanocobalamin - Pernicious anemia
Riboflavin - Cheilosis
Niacin - Pellagra
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Answer: B. Cyanocobalamin - Pernicious anemia
Vitamin B12's chemical name is Cyanocobalamin. Its deficiency causes Pernicious anemia, which is characterized by the production of large, immature red blood cells.
Q6.
Which mineral deficiency causes Goiter and what is its main source?
Iron - Green leafy vegetables
Calcium - Milk and dairy products
Iodine - Iodized salt and seafood
Zinc - Nuts and seeds
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Answer: C. Iodine - Iodized salt and seafood
Iodine deficiency causes Goiter (enlargement of thyroid gland). Main sources include iodized salt, seafood, seaweed, and dairy products.
Q7.
Iron deficiency in the body causes which disease and what are its symptoms?
Scurvy - Bleeding gums
Iron deficiency anemia - Fatigue and weakness
Rickets - Bone deformity
Night blindness - Poor vision in darkness
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Answer: B. Iron deficiency anemia - Fatigue and weakness
Iron deficiency causes Iron deficiency anemia. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, and reduced physical performance.
Q8.
Which vitamin is known as Tocopherol and what is its main function?
Vitamin C - Immunity booster
Vitamin D - Calcium absorption
Vitamin E - Antioxidant protection
Vitamin K - Blood clotting
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Answer: C. Vitamin E - Antioxidant protection
Vitamin E is chemically known as Tocopherol. Its main function is to act as an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative damage and maintaining cell membrane integrity.
Q9.
Calcium deficiency in children causes which disease and what are its main sources?
Anemia - Meat and fish
Rickets - Milk, cheese, and green vegetables
Scurvy - Citrus fruits
Goiter - Iodized salt
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Answer: B. Rickets - Milk, cheese, and green vegetables
Calcium deficiency in children causes Rickets, leading to weak and deformed bones. Main sources include milk, cheese, yogurt, green leafy vegetables, and sesame seeds.
Q10.
Which vitamin deficiency causes Scurvy and what are the characteristic symptoms?
Vitamin A - Night blindness
Vitamin B1 - Muscle weakness
Vitamin C - Bleeding gums and delayed wound healing
Vitamin D - Bone pain
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Answer: C. Vitamin C - Bleeding gums and delayed wound healing
Vitamin C deficiency causes Scurvy. Characteristic symptoms include bleeding gums, delayed wound healing, joint pain, fatigue, and in severe cases, tooth loss.
