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Quantitative Aptitude — Percentage
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Quantitative Aptitude — Percentage

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19 mins
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25
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Quantitative Aptitude — Percentage — Questions with Answers Open after you finish the quiz — all 25 questions, with answers and explanations.
Q1. What is 25% of 200?
  1. 50
  2. 40
  3. 60
  4. 75
Show answer
Answer: A. 50
To find 25% of 200, calculate (25/100) * 200 = 0.25 * 200 = 50.
Q2. If a number 80 is increased by 20%, what is the new number?
  1. 88
  2. 96
  3. 100
  4. 92
Show answer
Answer: B. 96
Increase = 20% of 80 = (20/100) * 80 = 16. New number = 80 + 16 = 96.
Q3. A shirt costs Rs. 500. If its price is decreased by 10%, what is the new price?
  1. 400
  2. 420
  3. 450
  4. 480
Show answer
Answer: C. 450
Decrease = 10% of 500 = (10/100) * 500 = 50. New price = 500 - 50 = 450.
Q4. Convert 3/5 into a percentage.
  1. 50%
  2. 60%
  3. 75%
  4. 80%
Show answer
Answer: B. 60%
To convert a fraction to a percentage, multiply by 100. (3/5) * 100 = 3 * 20 = 60%.
Q5. Convert 40% into a fraction in its simplest form.
  1. 1/5
  2. 3/5
  3. 4/5
  4. 2/5
Show answer
Answer: D. 2/5
40% can be written as 40/100. Simplifying this fraction: 40/100 = 4/10 = 2/5.
Q6. The price of an item is first increased by 10% and then decreased by 10%. What is the net percentage change in its price?
  1. 0% increase
  2. 1% decrease
  3. 1% increase
  4. 0.5% decrease
Show answer
Answer: B. 1% decrease
Let the original price be P. After 10% increase, new price = P * (1 + 10/100) = 1.1P. After 10% decrease, final price = 1.1P * (1 - 10/100) = 1.1P * 0.9 = 0.99P. Net change = (0.99P - P)/P * 100 = -0.01 * 100 = -1%. So, 1% decrease.
Q7. If 20% of a number is 120, what is the number?
  1. 600
  2. 500
  3. 480
  4. 720
Show answer
Answer: A. 600
Let the number be x. Then 20% of x = 120. (20/100) * x = 120. x = (120 * 100) / 20 = 6 * 100 = 600.
Q8. 40 is what percentage of 160?
  1. 30%
  2. 40%
  3. 25%
  4. 20%
Show answer
Answer: C. 25%
To find what percentage 40 is of 160, calculate (40/160) * 100 = (1/4) * 100 = 25%.
Q9. A student multiplied a number by 3/5 instead of 5/3. What is the percentage error in the calculation?
  1. 64%
  2. 36%
  3. 50%
  4. 48%
Show answer
Answer: A. 64%
Let the number be x. Correct value = x * (5/3). Incorrect value = x * (3/5). Error = (5x/3) - (3x/5) = (25x - 9x)/15 = 16x/15. Percentage error = (Error / Correct Value) * 100 = ((16x/15) / (5x/3)) * 100 = (16x/15) * (3/5x) * 100 = (16/25) * 100 = 16 * 4 = 64%.
Q10. The population of a town increased by 10% in the first year and decreased by 10% in the second year. If the current population is 9900, what was the population 2 years ago?
  1. 9800
  2. 9900
  3. 10100
  4. 10000
Show answer
Answer: D. 10000
Let the population 2 years ago be P. After 1st year: P * (1 + 10/100) = 1.1P. After 2nd year: 1.1P * (1 - 10/100) = 1.1P * 0.9 = 0.99P. Given 0.99P = 9900. So, P = 9900 / 0.99 = 10000.
Q11. A shopkeeper allows a 15% discount on the marked price of an article. If he still makes a profit of 19%, what would be his profit percentage if he sold the article at the marked price?
  1. 30%
  2. 35%
  3. 40%
  4. 45%
Show answer
Answer: C. 40%
Let CP = ₹100. Profit = 19%, so SP = ₹119. Since SP is after a 15% discount, SP = MP × (100-15)/100 => 119 = MP × 85/100 => MP = 119 × 100 / 85 = ₹140. If sold at MP, profit = MP - CP = 140 - 100 = ₹40. Profit percentage = (40/100) × 100 = 40%.
Q12. The ratio of the marked price to the cost price of an item is 4:3. If the item is sold after two successive discounts of 10% and 20%, and the selling price is ₹2,160, what is the profit or loss (in ₹)?
  1. Profit, ₹90
  2. Loss, ₹90
  3. Profit, ₹120
  4. Loss, ₹120
Show answer
Answer: B. Loss, ₹90
Let MP = 4x and CP = 3x. SP = MP × (100-10)/100 × (100-20)/100 = 4x × 0.90 × 0.80 = 4x × 0.72 = 2.88x. Given SP = ₹2,160. So, 2.88x = 2160 => x = 2160 / 2.88 = 750. CP = 3x = 3 × 750 = ₹2,250. Profit/Loss = SP - CP = 2160 - 2250 = -₹90. Hence, a loss of ₹90.
Q13. A bicycle is sold for ₹4,400, making a profit of 10%. At what price should it be sold to make a profit of 15%?
  1. ₹4,500
  2. ₹4,600
  3. ₹4,800
  4. ₹4,750
Show answer
Answer: B. ₹4,600
Given SP = ₹4,400 and Profit = 10%. CP = SP × 100 / (100 + Profit%) = 4400 × 100 / 110 = ₹4,000. To make a profit of 15%, new SP = CP × (100 + 15) / 100 = 4000 × 115 / 100 = ₹4,600.
Q14. A vendor sells 20 pens for ₹100, making a profit of 25%. How many pens did he buy for ₹100?
  1. 20
  2. 22
  3. 25
  4. 28
Show answer
Answer: C. 25
SP of 20 pens = ₹100. Profit = 25%. CP of 20 pens = 100 × 100 / 125 = ₹80. This means the vendor bought 20 pens for ₹80. To find how many pens he bought for ₹100: (20 pens / ₹80) × ₹100 = 25 pens.
Q15. A person buys a laptop for ₹60,000 and a smartphone for ₹20,000. He sells the laptop at a profit of 15% and the smartphone at a loss of 5%. What is his overall profit or loss percentage?
  1. 8% gain
  2. 10% gain
  3. 5% loss
  4. 12% gain
Show answer
Answer: B. 10% gain
Laptop CP = ₹60,000. Laptop SP = 60000 × (100+15)/100 = 60000 × 1.15 = ₹69,000. Smartphone CP = ₹20,000. Smartphone SP = 20000 × (100-5)/100 = 20000 × 0.95 = ₹19,000. Total CP = 60000 + 20000 = ₹80,000. Total SP = 69000 + 19000 = ₹88,000. Net Profit = Total SP - Total CP = 88000 - 80000 = ₹8,000. Overall Profit% = (8000 / 80000) × 100 = 10%.
Q16. A merchant sells 25% of his goods at a 10% loss and the remaining goods at a 20% profit. If he makes an overall profit of ₹1,200, what is the total cost price of the goods?
  1. ₹8,000
  2. ₹9,600
  3. ₹10,000
  4. ₹12,000
Show answer
Answer: B. ₹9,600
Let the total Cost Price (CP) be C. Loss on 25% of goods = 0.25C × 10/100 = 0.025C. Profit on remaining 75% of goods = 0.75C × 20/100 = 0.15C. Net Profit = 0.15C - 0.025C = 0.125C. Given Net Profit = ₹1,200. So, 0.125C = 1200 => C = 1200 / 0.125 = 1200 × 8 = ₹9,600.
Q17. A shopkeeper marks his goods 30% above the cost price and offers a discount of 10% on the marked price. What is his profit percentage?
  1. 15%
  2. 17%
  3. 20%
  4. 23%
Show answer
Answer: B. 17%
Let CP = ₹100. Marked Price (MP) = 100 + 30% of 100 = ₹130. Selling Price (SP) after 10% discount on MP = 130 × (100-10)/100 = 130 × 0.90 = ₹117. Profit = SP - CP = 117 - 100 = ₹17. Profit percentage = (17/100) × 100 = 17%.
Q18. The cost price of 10 articles is equal to the selling price of 8 articles. What is the profit or loss percentage?
  1. 20% loss
  2. 25% profit
  3. 10% profit
  4. 15% loss
Show answer
Answer: B. 25% profit
Let CP be the cost price of one article and SP be the selling price of one article. Given, 10 × CP = 8 × SP. So, CP/SP = 8/10 = 4/5. If CP = 4 units and SP = 5 units, then Profit = SP - CP = 5 - 4 = 1 unit. Profit percentage = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (1/4) × 100 = 25%.
Q19. A bookseller buys a book for ₹240 and sells it for ₹265. What is the approximate profit percentage?
  1. 9.5%
  2. 10.42%
  3. 11.25%
  4. 12%
Show answer
Answer: B. 10.42%
Cost Price (CP) = ₹240. Selling Price (SP) = ₹265. Profit = SP - CP = 265 - 240 = ₹25. Profit percentage = (Profit / CP) × 100 = (25 / 240) × 100 = 2500 / 240 = 250 / 24 ≈ 10.4166...% ≈ 10.42%.
Q20. In a fruit salad, the ratio of apples to bananas to oranges is 3:2:1. What percentage of the salad is bananas?
  1. 50%
  2. 33⅓%
  3. 25%
  4. 16⅔%
Show answer
Answer: B. 33⅓%
Total parts in the ratio = 3 (apples) + 2 (bananas) + 1 (oranges) = 6 parts. The proportion of bananas is 2 parts out of 6. Percentage of bananas = (2/6) × 100 = (1/3) × 100 = 33.33...% = 33⅓%.
Q21. If 25% of A is equal to 30% of B, then what is the ratio A:B?
  1. 5:6
  2. 6:5
  3. 3:4
  4. 4:3
Show answer
Answer: B. 6:5
Given 25% of A = 30% of B. This can be written as (25/100) × A = (30/100) × B. Simplifying, 25A = 30B. To find the ratio A:B, divide both sides by B and by 25: A/B = 30/25. Reducing the fraction, A/B = 6/5. So, A:B = 6:5.
Q22. The price of a commodity decreased from ₹80 to ₹60. What is the percentage decrease in its price?
  1. 20%
  2. 25%
  3. 30%
  4. 33⅓%
Show answer
Answer: B. 25%
Original price = ₹80. New price = ₹60. Decrease in price = 80 - 60 = ₹20. Percentage decrease = (Decrease / Original Price) × 100 = (20 / 80) × 100 = (1/4) × 100 = 25%.
Q23. The value of a car depreciates by 5% every year. If its current value is ₹5,00,000, what will be its value after one year?
  1. ₹4,80,000
  2. ₹4,75,000
  3. ₹4,90,000
  4. ₹4,50,000
Show answer
Answer: B. ₹4,75,000
Current value = ₹5,00,000. Depreciation = 5%. Value after one year = Current Value × (100 - Depreciation%) / 100 = 5,00,000 × (100 - 5) / 100 = 5,00,000 × 95 / 100 = 5,000 × 95 = ₹4,75,000.
Q24. A merchant wants to make a profit of 20% after allowing a discount of 15% on the marked price. If the cost price of the article is ₹850, what should be its marked price?
  1. ₹1,100
  2. ₹1,150
  3. ₹1,200
  4. ₹1,250
Show answer
Answer: C. ₹1,200
Cost Price (CP) = ₹850. Desired Profit = 20%. Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + Profit%) / 100 = 850 × (100 + 20) / 100 = 850 × 120 / 100 = 850 × 1.2 = ₹1,020. SP is also MP after a 15% discount. So, SP = MP × (100 - Discount%) / 100 => 1020 = MP × (100 - 15) / 100 => 1020 = MP × 85 / 100. MP = 1020 × 100 / 85 = 12 × 100 = ₹1,200.
Q25. In an election, 70% of the voters cast their votes. If the number of people who did not cast their votes is 1,500, what is the total number of voters?
  1. 4,500
  2. 5,000
  3. 5,500
  4. 6,000
Show answer
Answer: B. 5,000
Percentage of voters who did not cast their votes = 100% - 70% = 30%. Given that 30% of total voters = 1,500. So, 1% of total voters = 1500 / 30 = 50. Total number of voters (100%) = 50 × 100 = 5,000.
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